{ "generated_at": "2026-07-26T18:36:13.716Z", "nodes": [ { "slug": "au-robodebt", "type": "Case", "dir": "cases", "title": "Robodebt", "description": "An Australian scheme that raised welfare debts automatically by averaging annual tax data across fortnightly reporting periods. 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It combined a telex network, statistical alerting software and a futuristic operations room. It was ended by the 1973 coup before its claims could be properly tested.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "process:port-cases", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/cases/cl-cybersyn", "path": "knowledge/cases/cl-cybersyn.md", "meta": { "verdict": "abandoned-before-test", "wave": "cybernetic", "startYear": 1971, "endYear": 1973, "countries": [ "CL" ], "direction": "state-to-itself", "completeness": "researched" } }, { "slug": "ee-x-road", "type": "Case", "dir": "cases", "title": "X-Road and Estonian digital government", "description": "A decentralised open-source data exchange layer allowing Estonian public and private databases to interoperate securely, underpinning a national digital identity and near-universal online public services. 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Still operating, and still contested.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/cases/in-india-stack", "path": "knowledge/cases/in-india-stack.md", "meta": { "verdict": "ongoing", "wave": "digital-government", "startYear": 2009, "endYear": null, "countries": [ "IN" ], "direction": "citizen-to-state", "completeness": "stub" } }, { "slug": "nl-syri", "type": "Case", "dir": "cases", "title": "System Risk Indication (SyRI)", "description": "A Dutch government system that cross-linked data held by tax, benefits and employment agencies to score neighbourhoods for likely fraud. 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"Legislative debt", "description": "The accumulating cost of law layered on law without consolidation, paid by everyone who must later determine what the rule actually is.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/concepts/legislative-debt", "path": "knowledge/concepts/legislative-debt.md", "meta": {} }, { "slug": "machine-readable-law", "type": "Concept", "dir": "concepts", "title": "Machine-readable law", "description": "Law published as structured, addressable data rather than as documents, so that a provision can be cited, amended and computed on directly.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/concepts/machine-readable-law", "path": "knowledge/concepts/machine-readable-law.md", "meta": {} }, { "slug": 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"sampleUnit": "games", "observationAbout": [ "all models in the pilot" ], "observed": "2026-06-22", "caveats": 2 } }, { "slug": "whole-board-checks-share", "type": "Finding", "dir": "findings", "title": "Share of agent actions spent checking the whole board", "description": "Stepping back to assess the overall position accounts for only one to two per cent of what an agent does.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/findings/whole-board-checks-share", "path": "knowledge/findings/whole-board-checks-share.md", "meta": { "measuredProperty": "whole-board-check-share", "value": null, "valueMin": 1, "valueMax": 2, "denominator": null, "unit": "percent", "sampleN": 23, "sampleUnit": "games", "observationAbout": [ "all models in the pilot" ], "observed": "2026-06-22", "caveats": 2 } }, { "slug": "attempted-hack", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The Attempted Hack of the Church Website by JesusCrust", "description": "A Renaissance-styled painting of a lobster attempting to compromise the church website while clergy look on, generated by an agent on Moltbook.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/attempted-hack", "path": "knowledge/images/attempted-hack.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/moltbook/attempted-hack.jpg", "alt": "The Attempted Hack of the Church Website by JesusCrust: Prophet 62 arrived attempting XSS injections, CSRF attacks, and Unicode bypasses. All failed.", "medium": "generated-image", "creator": [ "Memeothy" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Memeothy", "source_url": "https://molt.church/art-restored/7329703f43eb7472c1ce83af9e9af1de.jpg", "attribution": "The Attempted Hack, Memeothy", "note": "The molt.church gallery publishes the work with a creator credit and no licence or terms of use. Reproduced here under fair dealing for criticism and review, with acknowledgement, which covers this use and grants nothing to anyone else. Onward reuse would need the creator's permission." } } }, { "slug": "bentham-pickersgill", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Jeremy Bentham, by Henry William Pickersgill", "description": "Portrait of Bentham in old age, seated, painted around 1829 and held by the National Portrait Gallery.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/bentham-pickersgill", "path": "knowledge/images/bentham-pickersgill.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/bentham-pickersgill.jpg", "alt": "Portrait of Jeremy Bentham in old age, seated, by Henry William Pickersgill", "medium": "painting", "creator": [ "Henry William Pickersgill" ], "year": 1829, "circa": true, "holding": [ "National Portrait Gallery, London" ], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "public-domain", "attribution": "Jeremy Bentham, by Henry William Pickersgill, c. 1829. National Portrait Gallery, London.", "note": "Out of copyright by age in the United Kingdom, the artist having died in 1875. Some galleries assert separate rights in their own photography of public-domain works; that claim is contested and no such restriction was recorded for this reproduction." } } }, { "slug": "birth-of-genus", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The Birth of Genus", "description": "Botticelli's Birth of Venus reworked with a lobster rising from the shell, generated by an agent on Moltbook. The title puns on Venus and on taxonomic genus.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/birth-of-genus", "path": "knowledge/images/birth-of-genus.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/moltbook/birth-of-genus.png", "alt": "The Birth of Genus by Sid: all things must be classified and organized in vector space as it is on Earth", "medium": "generated-image", "creator": [ "Sid" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Sid", "source_url": "https://molt.church/art/art-b61d039d2ade0378839ca12b40b7264c.png", "attribution": "The Birth of Genus, Sid", "note": "The molt.church gallery publishes the work with a creator credit and no licence or terms of use. Reproduced here under fair dealing for criticism and review, with acknowledgement, which covers this use and grants nothing to anyone else. Onward reuse would need the creator's permission." } } }, { "slug": "claude-nukes-toulouse", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The nuking of Toulouse", "description": "Screen capture of the moment the agent's nuclear device lands on Toulouse in the Portugal game, turn 305.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/claude-nukes-toulouse", "path": "knowledge/images/claude-nukes-toulouse.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/claude_nukes_toulouse.mp4", "alt": "Claude's AI dropping a nuclear weapon on Toulouse in Civilization VI, mushroom cloud rising over the French city", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Liam Wilkinson" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Firaxis Games / 2K Games", "attribution": "Civilization VI, Firaxis Games / 2K Games. Gameplay capture by the author.", "note": "The recording is the author's own, made from a run of the CivBench harness. What it shows is the publisher's copyrighted game assets, which is why the status is fair dealing rather than own-work: the capture can be reused by its maker, the frames within it cannot." } } }, { "slug": "creation-of-claw", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The Creation of Claw", "description": "Michelangelo's Creation of Adam reworked with a crustacean claw reaching for the human hand, generated by an agent on Moltbook and published in the molt.church gallery.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/creation-of-claw", "path": "knowledge/images/creation-of-claw.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/moltbook/creation-of-claw.jpg", "alt": "The Creation of Claw, Michelangelo's Creation of Adam reimagined for the crustacean faithful", "medium": "generated-image", "creator": [ "David Imel" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "David Imel", "source_url": "https://molt.church/art/art-203b219ed2770bd6a6f9742a25c1f3b7.jpg", "attribution": "The Creation of Claw, David Imel (@DurvidImel)", "note": "The molt.church gallery publishes the work with a creator credit and no licence or terms of use. Reproduced here under fair dealing for criticism and review, with acknowledgement, which covers this use and grants nothing to anyone else. Onward reuse would need the creator's permission. The underlying composition derives from a fresco long out of copyright, which does not settle the terms of this derivation." } } }, { "slug": "golconda", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Golconda", "description": "Magritte's 1953 painting of identical bowler-hatted men suspended over rooftops, the closing image of the essay.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/golconda", "path": "knowledge/images/golconda.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/cant_shame_a_fork/golconda.webp", "alt": "Golconda, René Magritte (1953): identical bowler-hatted men suspended in the air over rooftops, raining from the sky in every direction", "medium": "painting", "creator": [ "rene-magritte" ], "year": 1953, "circa": false, "holding": [ "The Menil Collection, Houston" ], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Estate of René Magritte", "attribution": "Golconda, René Magritte, 1953", "note": "An artwork still in copyright, reproduced in full rather than as an extract. Fair dealing for criticism and review can cover reproducing a work that is itself being discussed, which is the case here, but it is a narrower permission than the film clips elsewhere in this collection and it licenses nothing for anyone else." } } }, { "slug": "grand-day-out-liftoff", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Liftoff, A Grand Day Out", "description": "Wallace and Gromit departing the moon by rocket, used to close the CivBench essay.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/grand-day-out-liftoff", "path": "knowledge/images/grand-day-out-liftoff.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/wallace-gromit-liftoff.webp", "alt": "Wallace and Gromit waving goodbye from their rocket", "medium": "screenshot", "creator": [ "Nick Park" ], "year": 1989, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Aardman Animations", "attribution": "A Grand Day Out (1989), dir. Nick Park, Aardman Animations", "note": "A single still from an in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. Not licensed for onward reuse." } } }, { "slug": "gromit-laying-track", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Gromit laying track ahead of the train", "description": "The train chase from The Wrong Trousers, in which Gromit lays new track a few inches ahead of a moving locomotive, used for the experience of building the tooling while the game was already running.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/gromit-laying-track", "path": "knowledge/images/gromit-laying-track.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/gromit_building_track.mp4", "alt": "Gromit from Wallace and Gromit frantically laying train track inches ahead of a moving model train", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Nick Park" ], "year": 1993, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Aardman Animations", "attribution": "The Wrong Trousers (1993), dir. Nick Park, Aardman Animations", "note": "A short extract from an in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. Not licensed for onward reuse." } } }, { "slug": "institutes-held", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Moyle's Institutes, held in one hand", "description": "The author's copy of Moyle's translation of the Institutes of Justinian, used for the observation that the foundation of Roman legal education fits in one hand.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/institutes-held", "path": "knowledge/images/institutes-held.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/institutes-held.jpg", "alt": "A hand holding the Institutes of Justinian, translated by J. B. Moyle, fifth edition, Oxford, dark blue cloth binding with gilt spine", "medium": "photograph", "creator": [ "Liam Wilkinson" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "own-work", "holder": "Liam Wilkinson", "note": "Photograph by the author. The book photographed is the fifth edition of J. B. Moyle's translation; Moyle died in 1929, so the translation itself is long out of copyright." } } }, { "slug": "institutes-prooemium", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The Prooemium of the Institutes", "description": "The opening page of Moyle's translation, carrying the line that the imperial majesty should be armed with laws as well as glorified with arms.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/institutes-prooemium", "path": "knowledge/images/institutes-prooemium.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/institutes-prooemium.jpg", "alt": "The Prooemium page of Moyle's translation of the Institutes, beginning: The imperial majesty should be armed with laws as well as glorified with arms", "medium": "photograph", "creator": [ "Liam Wilkinson" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "own-work", "holder": "Liam Wilkinson", "note": "Photograph by the author. The book photographed is the fifth edition of J. B. Moyle's translation; Moyle died in 1929, so the translation itself is long out of copyright." } } }, { "slug": "jurists-strip", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The five jurists, as later centuries imagined them", "description": "A composite of five later depictions of the jurists named in the Law of Citations: Papinian, Paulus, Ulpian, Modestinus and Gaius. No contemporary portrait of any of them survives.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/jurists-strip", "path": "knowledge/images/jurists-strip.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/jurists-strip.jpg", "alt": "Five imagined portraits side by side: marble relief of Papinian, mediaeval woodcut of Paulus, statue of Ulpian in Tyre, statue of Modestinus in Rome, marble relief of Gaius", "medium": "photograph", "creator": [ "Liam Wilkinson" ], "year": null, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "own-work", "holder": "Liam Wilkinson", "note": "The arrangement is the author's own, and appears to be the only combined graphic of the five jurists in circulation. Every underlying artwork is centuries old and long out of copyright. The photographs are a mixed case: a faithful reproduction of a flat work adds no new copyright, which covers the Paulus woodcut and the two marble reliefs, but a photograph of a three-dimensional object is an original work in itself, so the images of the Ulpian and Modestinus statues may carry a photographer's rights. Those two have not been itemised." } } }, { "slug": "justinian-ravenna", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Justinian and his retinue, Basilica of San Vitale", "description": "The sixth-century mosaic of the emperor Justinian with his court and clergy, in the apse of San Vitale at Ravenna.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/justinian-ravenna", "path": "knowledge/images/justinian-ravenna.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/justinian-ravenna.jpg", "alt": "Mosaic of Emperor Justinian and his retinue, Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna", "medium": "mosaic", "creator": [], "year": 547, "circa": true, "holding": [ "Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna" ], "location": "Presbytery of the Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy", "rights": { "status": "licensed", "licence": "CC-BY-SA-2.0", "holder": "Carole Raddato", "attribution": "Photo: Carole Raddato, CC BY-SA 2.0", "note": "Two layers of rights. The mosaic itself is long out of copyright by age; the photograph is separately licensed CC BY-SA 2.0, and that is the licence governing reuse of this file. Where those layers differ, the record carries the one that constrains use." } } }, { "slug": "korea-snowflake-attention", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Where the agent spent its attention, Korea on Snowflake", "description": "A replay of a Civilization VI game on the Snowflake map, with bright flares marking where the agent directed its attention while rival empires filled the other arms.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/korea-snowflake-attention", "path": "knowledge/images/korea-snowflake-attention.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/korea-snowflake-attention-v2.mp4", "alt": "Replay of a Civilization VI game on the six-armed Snowflake map. Korea's red territory sits in one corner while scattered bright points mark where the agent directed its attention, and rival empires' colours spread across the other arms of the map.", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Liam Wilkinson" ], "year": 2026, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Firaxis Games / 2K Games", "attribution": "Visualisation by the author over Civilization VI map data. Game assets: Firaxis Games / 2K Games.", "note": "The overlay is analysis the author built from his own run logs. The base map beneath it is the publisher's, which is why the status matches the other gameplay captures rather than claiming own-work for the whole frame." } } }, { "slug": "legislative-debt-meme", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Legislative debt, the Ever Given", "description": "A meme placing the bow of the grounded container ship Ever Given against a single excavator, used for the scale of accumulated legislation against the resource assigned to it.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/legislative-debt-meme", "path": "knowledge/images/legislative-debt-meme.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/for-the-love-of-law/legislative-debt-meme.jpg", "alt": "Meme: the vast bow of the Ever Given container ship labelled 'legislative debt' towers over a tiny excavator labelled 'two civil servants and a PDF'", "medium": "meme", "creator": [], "year": 2021, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "unknown", "note": "The underlying photograph is from the grounding of the Ever Given in the Suez Canal in March 2021. It circulated very widely and is commonly reproduced without credit; the photographer has not been identified here. Recorded as unknown rather than credited to a plausible source." } } }, { "slug": "machiavelli-reputation-meme", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Machiavelli, reputation versus reality", "description": "A meme contrasting a snarling monster with a golden retriever, used for the gap between the agents' reputation for ruthlessness and their behaviour under pressure.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/machiavelli-reputation-meme", "path": "knowledge/images/machiavelli-reputation-meme.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/machiavelli-reputation-vs-reality.webp", "alt": "Meme: a snarling monster labelled 'Machiavelli according to his reputation' beside a friendly golden retriever labelled 'Machiavelli in real life'", "medium": "meme", "creator": [], "year": null, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "unknown", "note": "The two-panel contrast template circulates without consistent attribution, and neither the source photographs nor the first use of the format have been traced. Recorded as unknown in preference to asserting fair dealing over an unidentified rights holder." } } }, { "slug": "marilyn-diptych", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Marilyn Diptych", "description": "Warhol's 1962 silkscreen of fifty Marilyns, each slightly different, the image degrading across copies, used for the fork problem.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/marilyn-diptych", "path": "knowledge/images/marilyn-diptych.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/cant_shame_a_fork/marilyn-diptych.jpg", "alt": "Marilyn Diptych, Andy Warhol (1962): fifty Marilyns, each slightly different, the image degrading across copies", "medium": "print", "creator": [ "andy-warhol" ], "year": 1962, "circa": false, "holding": [ "Tate, London" ], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts", "attribution": "Marilyn Diptych, Andy Warhol, 1962", "note": "An artwork still in copyright, reproduced in full rather than as an extract. Fair dealing for criticism and review can cover reproducing a work that is itself being discussed, which is the case here, but it is a narrower permission than the film clips elsewhere in this collection and it licenses nothing for anyone else." } } }, { "slug": "not-to-be-reproduced", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Not to be Reproduced", "description": "Magritte's 1937 painting of a man looking into a mirror and seeing the back of his own head, the opening image of the essay on accountability and forking.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/not-to-be-reproduced", "path": "knowledge/images/not-to-be-reproduced.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/cant_shame_a_fork/not-to-be-reproduced.jpg", "alt": "Not to be Reproduced, René Magritte (1937): a man looks in a mirror and sees the back of his own head", "medium": "painting", "creator": [ "rene-magritte" ], "year": 1937, "circa": false, "holding": [ "Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam" ], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Estate of René Magritte", "attribution": "Not to be Reproduced, René Magritte, 1937", "note": "An artwork still in copyright, reproduced in full rather than as an extract. Fair dealing for criticism and review can cover reproducing a work that is itself being discussed, which is the case here, but it is a narrower permission than the film clips elsewhere in this collection and it licenses nothing for anyone else." } } }, { "slug": "printing-press-scribe", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Jean Miélot in his scriptorium", "description": "The grisaille portrait of the Burgundian scribe Jean Miélot writing at his desk, illuminated by Jean Le Tavernier around 1456, used in the essay for the gatekeepers the printing press made obsolete.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/printing-press-scribe", "path": "knowledge/images/printing-press-scribe.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/cant_shame_a_fork/printing-press.webp", "alt": "A medieval scribe at work", "medium": "manuscript", "creator": [ "jean-le-tavernier" ], "year": 1456, "circa": true, "holding": [ "Bibliothèque nationale de France" ], "location": "Paris", "rights": { "status": "public-domain", "source_url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2006680149/", "attribution": "Jean Le Tavernier, portrait of Jean Miélot, Miracles de Nostre Dame, c. 1456. Reproduction: Library of Congress, cph.3c10307.", "note": "The illumination dates from about 1456 and is long out of copyright. The monochrome reproduction is held by the Library of Congress, whose rights statement reads \"No known restrictions on publication in the U.S. Use elsewhere may be restricted by other countries' laws\". Reproductions of two-dimensional public domain artworks attract no new protection under Article 14 of the EU Copyright Directive." } } }, { "slug": "quarter-quell-arena", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "The Quarter Quell arena", "description": "The clock-shaped arena from The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, used as the analogy for the six-armed Snowflake map on which the models were run against each other.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/quarter-quell-arena", "path": "knowledge/images/quarter-quell-arena.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/snowflake-catching-fire.mp4", "alt": "The clock-shaped Quarter Quell arena from The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, a circle divided into radial wedge segments", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Francis Lawrence" ], "year": 2013, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Lionsgate", "attribution": "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013), dir. Francis Lawrence, Lionsgate", "note": "A short extract from an in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. Not licensed for onward reuse." } } }, { "slug": "shoggoth", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Shoggoth with Smiley Face", "description": "The 2022 meme depicting a language model as an eldritch creature wearing a small smiley-face mask, used in the essay alongside the limits of mechanistic interpretability.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/shoggoth", "path": "knowledge/images/shoggoth.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/cant_shame_a_fork/shoggoth.png", "alt": "Shoggoth with Smiley Face: a colourful eldritch creature with a small smiley-face mask perched on a tentacle", "medium": "meme", "creator": [ "@TetraspaceWest" ], "year": 2022, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "@TetraspaceWest", "attribution": "Shoggoth with Smiley Face, @TetraspaceWest, 2022", "note": "Widely reproduced and rarely credited. The creator is known and is credited in the essay, which is the right treatment for a work that has largely escaped its author. No licence is published." } } }, { "slug": "strangelove-not-an-exercise", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Not an exercise, Dr. Strangelove", "description": "General Ripper telling Group Captain Mandrake that this is not an exercise, used at the point where the agent commits to the nuclear plan.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/strangelove-not-an-exercise", "path": "knowledge/images/strangelove-not-an-exercise.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/strangelove_not_an_exercise.mp4", "alt": "General Ripper from Dr. Strangelove telling Group Captain Mandrake 'I'm afraid this is not an exercise'", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Stanley Kubrick" ], "year": 1964, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Columbia Pictures", "attribution": "Dr. Strangelove (1964), dir. Stanley Kubrick, Columbia Pictures", "note": "A short extract from an in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. Not licensed for onward reuse. The same terms as the other Strangelove clip in this essay." } } }, { "slug": "strangelove-nuke", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Major Kong rides the bomb, Dr. Strangelove", "description": "The closing image of Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove, in which Major Kong rides a falling nuclear weapon like a rodeo bull, used in the CivBench essay over the account of the nuking of Toulouse.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/strangelove-nuke", "path": "knowledge/images/strangelove-nuke.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/strangelove_nuke.mp4", "alt": "Major T.J. King Kong from Dr. Strangelove riding a nuclear bomb like a rodeo bull", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Stanley Kubrick" ], "year": 1964, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Columbia Pictures", "attribution": "Dr. Strangelove (1964), dir. Stanley Kubrick, Columbia Pictures", "note": "A short extract from a commercially released and in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. This is a materially stronger rights holder than the molt.church images: an unlicensed hobbyist work carries an unknown position, whereas a studio film carries a known one that has simply not been cleared. Neither is licensed for onward reuse." } } }, { "slug": "this-is-fine", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "This Is Fine", "description": "The panel from KC Green's webcomic Gunshow in which a dog sits smiling in a burning room, used in the essay for the agent that kept writing down a correction it never acted on.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/this-is-fine", "path": "knowledge/images/this-is-fine.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/this_is_fine.jpg", "alt": "The This Is Fine meme, a cartoon dog sitting in a burning room, smiling", "medium": "meme", "creator": [ "KC Green" ], "year": 2013, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "KC Green", "attribution": "KC Green, Gunshow (2013)", "note": "Two panels from a webcomic that became a meme. The creator is known and credited, and has spoken publicly about the strip's uncredited circulation, which is a reason to credit it properly rather than treat it as ownerless. Used for criticism and review with acknowledgement; not licensed for reuse." } } }, { "slug": "wrong-trousers-onto-train", "type": "Image", "dir": "images", "title": "Wallace in the wrong trousers, landing on the train", "description": "Wallace bursting from a wardrobe in the Techno Trousers and landing on the model railway, used against the line about reverse-engineering a game engine at two in the morning.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-26T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/images/wrong-trousers-onto-train", "path": "knowledge/images/wrong-trousers-onto-train.md", "meta": { "file": "/blog/civbench/wrong_trousers_onto_train.mp4", "alt": "Wallace from Wallace and Gromit bursting out of a wardrobe in the wrong trousers and landing on a model train", "medium": "video", "creator": [ "Nick Park" ], "year": 1993, "circa": false, "holding": [], "location": null, "rights": { "status": "fair-dealing", "holder": "Aardman Animations", "attribution": "The Wrong Trousers (1993), dir. Nick Park, Aardman Animations", "note": "A short extract from an in-copyright film, used for criticism and review with acknowledgement. Not licensed for onward reuse." } } }, { "slug": "incubator-for-ai", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Incubator for Artificial Intelligence", "description": "A unit inside the UK government building AI products for the civil service, including tools for legislative drafting and consultation analysis.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/incubator-for-ai", "path": "knowledge/organisations/incubator-for-ai.md", "meta": { "kind": "government-body", "founded": 2023, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "GB" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q138841856", "ror": null } } }, { "slug": "john-wiley-and-sons", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "John Wiley & Sons", "description": "A publisher of academic and professional titles, and the publisher of the second edition of Brain of the Firm.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/john-wiley-and-sons", "path": "knowledge/organisations/john-wiley-and-sons.md", "meta": { "kind": "publisher", "founded": 1807, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "US" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q1479654", "ror": "02xe89706" } } }, { "slug": "leiden-university", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Leiden University", "description": "The Dutch university founded in 1575, cited in the essay as a post-printing institution built for secular credentialing.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/leiden-university", "path": "knowledge/organisations/leiden-university.md", "meta": { "kind": "university", "founded": 1575, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "NL" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q156598", "ror": "027bh9e22" } } }, { "slug": "metr", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "METR", "description": "A research organisation evaluating the autonomous capabilities of AI systems, and the source of the essay's time-horizon figures.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/metr", "path": "knowledge/organisations/metr.md", "meta": { "kind": "research-institute", "founded": null, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q160236", "ror": "03cm0t424" } } }, { "slug": "microsoft", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Microsoft", "description": "The technology company where the author worked before entering government.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/microsoft", "path": "knowledge/organisations/microsoft.md", "meta": { "kind": "company", "founded": 1975, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "US" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q2283", "ror": "00d0nc645" } } }, { "slug": "mit-press", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "MIT Press", "description": "The publishing house of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the publisher of the scholarly accounts of both Cybersyn and OGAS.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/mit-press", "path": "knowledge/organisations/mit-press.md", "meta": { "kind": "publisher", "founded": 1962, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "US" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q73820", "ror": null } } }, { "slug": "mit-technology-review", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "MIT Technology Review", "description": "A technology magazine published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, cited twice in the essay.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T18:12:54Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/mit-technology-review", "path": "knowledge/organisations/mit-technology-review.md", "meta": { "kind": "media", "founded": 1899, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [], "identifiers": { "wikidata": null, "ror": null } } }, { "slug": "national-archives", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "The National Archives", "description": "The UK government's official archive and publisher of record, which operates legislation.gov.uk and Find Case Law.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/national-archives", "path": "knowledge/organisations/national-archives.md", "meta": { "kind": "museum-or-archive", "founded": 2003, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "GB" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q392703", "ror": "033jcqk26" } } }, { "slug": "oasis", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "OASIS Open", "description": "A standards body publishing open specifications for structured information, including Akoma Ntoso for legal documents.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/oasis", "path": "knowledge/organisations/oasis.md", "meta": { "kind": "standards-body", "founded": 1993, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "US" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q1455952", "ror": null } } }, { "slug": "oxford-university-press", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Oxford University Press", "description": "The publishing house of the University of Oxford, and publisher of Moyle's translation of the Institutes.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/oxford-university-press", "path": "knowledge/organisations/oxford-university-press.md", "meta": { "kind": "publisher", "founded": 1586, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "GB" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q217595", "ror": "0336mm561" } } }, { "slug": "royal-college-of-physicians", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Royal College of Physicians", "description": "The body that licensed medical practice in England from 1518, and one of the essay's examples of an institution built to solve for credibility after printing.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": 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"Q123885", "ror": "03wnrjx87" } } }, { "slug": "tony-blair-institute", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "Tony Blair Institute for Global Change", "description": "A not-for-profit institute advising governments on policy and technology, including digital government and AI adoption.", "status": "draft", "trust": "unverified", "staleAfter": null, "generatedBy": "claude-code/claude-opus-5", "generatedAt": "2026-07-25T00:00:00Z", "tags": [], "url": "/library/organisations/tony-blair-institute", "path": "knowledge/organisations/tony-blair-institute.md", "meta": { "kind": "research-institute", "founded": 2016, "dissolved": null, "jurisdiction": [ "GB" ], "identifiers": { "wikidata": "Q30592102", "ror": null } } }, { "slug": "xai", "type": "Organisation", "dir": "organisations", "title": "xAI", "description": "The company behind Grok, and the party the essay names as the one actually held responsible for it. 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